south africa official languages xhosa

This click is like the sound people make to call horses. Xhosa is spoken by 7.6 million people, or about 18% of the South African population. Believe that South Africa belongs to all who live in it, united in our diversity. The eleventh official language is English, which is the primary language used in parliamentary and state discourse, though all official languages are equal in legal status, and unofficial languages are protected under the Constitution of South Africa, though few are mentioned by any name. The indigenous African languages of South Africa which are official, and therefore dominant, can be divided into two geographical zones, with Nguni languages being predominant in the south-eastern third of the country (Indian Ocean coast) and Sotho-Tswana languages being predominant in the northern third of the country located further inland, as also in Botswana and Lesotho. Sikholelwa ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika ingeyabo bonke abahlala kuyo, sibumbene nakuba singafani. South Africa is the native land of Xhosa, which is spoken chiefly in the Eastern Cape Province. Afrikaans, however, originates in the Dutch varieties spoken in Khoekhoe communities of ǁHuiǃgaeb (the Khoekhoe name for the region of Cape Town), as a trade language before and during the early stages of the VOC occupation. All trademarks and web sites that appear throughout this site are the property of their respective owners. In an attempt to recognize the cultural diversity of South Africa, the government gave official recognition to 11 languages: Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans, English, Sotho, Venda, Tswana, Tsona, Pedi, Shangaan, and Ndebele. It is spoken as first language by approximately 61 percent of whites and 76 percent of Coloureds. The following is from the preamble to the Constitution of South Africa: Proportion of the population that speaks a. Density of first-language speakers of Nguni languages. The next are the alveolar clicks with the tongue tip and palate. Xhosa or isiXhosa is one of the eleven official languages of the Republic of South Africa and is spoken by about 8 million people as a first or home language (‘mother tongue’). There are 11 official languages in South Africa, of which Xhosa is one of the most widely spoken. It also became the de facto national language of the Griqua (Xiri or Griekwa) nation, which was also primarily a Khoekhoe group. Sikholelwa ekutseni iNingizimu Afrika yabo bonkhe labahlala kuyo, sihlangene ngekwehlukahlukana kwetfu; Re dumela gore Afrika-Borwa ke ya batho bohle ba ba dulago go yona, re le ngata e tee e nago le pharologano. Unofficial and marginalised languages include what are considered some of Southern Africa's First Nation languages: Khoekhoegowab, !Orakobab, Xirikobab, N|uuki, !Xunthali, and Khwedam; and other African languages, such as SiPhuthi, IsiHlubi, SiBhaca, SiLala, SiNhlangwini ("IsiZansi"), SiNrebele (SiSumayela), IsiMpondo/IsiMpondro, KheLobedu, SePulana, HiPai, SeKutswe, SeṰokwa, SeHananwa, SiThonga, SiLaNgomane, SheKgalagari, XiRhonga, SeKopa( Sekgaga) and others. The last is a lateral click with the tongue at the side of the mouth. In the older immigrant communities there are: Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Portuguese, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu, Yiddish, Italian and smaller numbers of Dutch, French and German speakers. From here the message of Islam was disseminated to the slave community of Cape Town, and this population was foundational in the formation of Afrikaans. When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, English was made the official language along with Dutch, which was replaced by Afrikaans in 1925. According to South Africa Info 17.6% of the country speaks Xhosa. The plan failed however; Yusuf's settlement (called Macassar) soon became a sanctuary for slaves and it was here that the first cohesive Islamic community in South Africa was established. Many of these languages have a level of intelligibility with each other as they share many linguistic features. Television news and sports are broadcast in the four main language groups, English, Nguni (Zulu and Xhosa), Afrikaans, and Sotho. The Zulu refer to the Eastern Cape as KwaXhosa which is translated to “place of the Xhosa”. Other Southeastern Bantu languages are Zulu, By clicking Agree you are accepting Terms of Service. Xhosa is one of the 11 official languages recognized by the South African Constitution, and in 2006 it was determined that just over 7 million South Africans speak Xhosa as a home language. The 15 clicks (which learners tend to battle with the most) are divided into three categories. Xhosa is listed amongst South Africa's 11 official languages and is spoken by approximately 18% of the country's population (plus-minus 7.9 million individuals). The count… © Copyright 1995-2021 Southafrica.com. More importantly, these languages have significant local functions in specific communities whose identity is tightly bound around the linguistic and cultural identity that these non-official SA languages signal. Though these are still under debate, one frequently accepted dialect grouping is as follows: Xhosa (original), Bhaca, Gcaleka, Thembu, Mpondomise, Ngqika, Mpondo, Mfengu and Bomvana. Since the first democratic elections in 1994, in terms of the new interim constitution, English is now but one of eleven official languages in the `new South Africa' (the others being Afrikaans, Zulu, Xhosa, siSwati, Ndebele, Southern Sotho, Tswana, Northern Sotho, Venda, and Tsonga). It belongs to the so-called Nguni language group of the Bantu language family of Niger-Congo. Fortunately one of those is English and many people speak it…. Glo dat Suid-Afrika behoort aan almal wat daarin woon, verenig in ons verskeidenheid. Xhosa is written using a Latin alphabet. Xhosa is one of the official languages of South Africa. South African languages as a first language. Xhosa. The 11 languages spoken in South Africa are: English, Afrikaans, Zulu, Xhosa, Southern Sotho, Northern Sotho, Tswana, Venda, Tsonga, Swati and Ndebele. South African Culture and Tradition Explored. The official languages of this country, as identified by the Constitution, are: Zulu, English, Afrikaans, Swati, Northern Sotho, Venda, Tswana, Ndebele, Xhosa, Sotho, and Tsonga. The national government and provincial governments, by legislative and other measures, must regulate and monitor their use of official languages. Without detracting from the provisions of subsection (2), all official languages must enjoy parity of esteem and must be treated equitably. Source: Pan South African Language Board, constitutionally appointed. Xhosa is one of South Africa's 11 official languages and one of 28 languages spoken in the country. Other languages spoken in South Africa not mentioned in the Constitution, include many of those already mentioned above, such as KheLobedu, SiNrebele, SiPhuthi, as well as mixed languages like Fanakalo (a pidgin language used as a lingua franca in the mining industry), and Tsotsitaal or S'Camtho, an argot that has found wider usage as an informal register. All Rights Reserved. Other Nguni languages include Swati, Northern Ndebele and Zulu. It is a tonal language, governed by the noun - which d… In a country like South Africa it is difficult to define one’s ‘mother-tongue’ because one has to make exact definitions. Density of first-language speakers of West Germanic languages. The dramatic Sani Pass is a renowned mountain road providing access from the Natal Drakensberg Park into magical Lesotho. South Africa’s Constitution recognises 11 official languages: Sepedi (also known as Sesotho sa Leboa), Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, Xitsonga, Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa and isiZulu.. For centuries South Africa’s official languages were European – Dutch, English, Afrikaans. South Africa has 11 official languages! Xhosa language, a Bantu language spoken by seven million people in South Africa, especially in Eastern province. The first is dental clicks with the tongue pressing against the back of the teeth. Re dumela hore Afrika Borwa ke naha ya bohle ba phelang ho yona, re kopane le ha re fapane. Significant numbers of immigrants from Europe, elsewhere in Africa, and the Indian subcontinent (largely as a result of the British Indian indenture system) means that a wide variety of other languages can also be found in parts of South Africa. More recently, speakers of North, Central and West Africa languages have arrived in South Africa, mostly in the major cities, especially in Johannesburg and Pretoria, but also Cape Town and Durban. Boasting stunning scenery galore, this scenic route is enjoyed by many visitors to the region. Xhosa, or IsiXhosa, is one of South Africa’s eleven official languages, and is predominantly spoken in the Eastern Cape region, including the former Transkei and Ciskei areas, where Mandela and former president Thabo Mbeki were born. Interestingly, the word Xhosa is from the Khoisan language and means “The angry men”. Xhosa is categorized as a Bantu language and is representative of the south-western Nguni subfamily group. The two South African languages isiZulu and isiXhosa as well as isiNdebele and siSwati, both languages spoken in Mpumalanga, are termed Nguni languages as they are spoken by the Nguni people to which the Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi and Ndebele tribes belong to. Mr Mandela was born in the Eastern Cape, the homeland of many Xhosa speakers. South Africa has eleven official languages.They are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swazi, Tswana, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu.Most South Africans (over 99%) speak one of these languages as a first language. Zulu is the most prevalent, followed by Xhosa, Afrikaans and English. Xhosa is listed amongst South Africa's 11 official languages and is spoken by approximately 18% of the country's population (plus-minus 7.9 million individuals). About the Xhosa Language. The language is marked by the large number of click consonant sounds used. The most common language spoken as a first language by South Africans is Zulu (23 percent), followed by Xhosa (16 percent), and Afrikaans (14 percent). Xhosa is an unusual and attractive sounding language, though difficult to master. Many South Africans mix and match the languages together, which leads to South Africa having a very unique local language. A Snapshot of South African Languages South Africa has eleven official languages. The English text of the constitution signed by president Nelson Mandela on 16 December 1996 uses (mostly) the names of the languages expressed in those languages themselves. Density of first-language speakers of Sotho–Tswana languages. South Africa is the Rainbow Nation, a title that captures the country’s cultural and ethnic diversity.The population of South Africa is one of the most complex and diverse in the world. African languages, spoken by at least 80% of the people, were ignored. This page was last edited on 6 January 2021, at 00:09. The 2011 census of South African Languages accounted for 4.8 million fluent English speakers. It is an official language in South Africa and Lesotho, spoken primarily in the Eastern Cape and the Western Cape, where around 7.3 million speakers live. For each of the two groups, the languages within that group are for the most part intelligible to a native speaker of any other language within that group. Most South Africans can speak more than one language. At least thirty-five languages indigenous to South Africa are spoken in the Republic, ten of which are official languages of South Africa: Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venḓa, Xhosa, Zulu and Afrikaans. South Africa - South Africa - Languages: The Black African population is heterogeneous, falling mainly into four linguistic categories. Gauteng is the most linguistically heterogeneous province, with roughly equal numbers of Nguni, Sotho-Tswana and Indo-European language speakers, with Khoekhoe influence. Xhosa. The eleven official languages are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Xhosa, Zulu, Sesotho (Southern Sotho), Sesotho sa Leboa (Northern Sotho), Setswana, Swati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga. It too is a tonal language, governed by the noun, which dominates the sentence. When it is the dominant language spoken at home, is it the father’s or the mother’s language. As mentioned before, there is no appropriate term for one’s mother-tongue. This creates a sound somewhat resembling a cork being pulled out of a bottle. Re dumela fa Aforika Borwa e le ya botlhe ba ba tshelang mo go yona, re le ngata e le nngwe ka go farologana. Sikholelwa kwelokuba uMzantsi-Afrika ngowabo bonke abahlala kuwo, bemanyene nangona bengafani. Thanks to the variety of languages spoken in South Africa, locals tend to borrow words from each language, resulting in slang words or phrases known as 'South Africanisms'. As a Bantu language, Xhosa and Zulu people are often able to understand one another. We are using cookies to make the website better. These non-official languages may be used in limited semi-official use where it has been determined that these languages are prevalent. A top South African university has dropped Afrikaans as its official language in favour of English. Many tourists make their way up the crest of spectacular Sani Pass to enjoy a meal at Southern Africa's highest pub. Home » South African Culture and Tradition Explored » Languages of South Africa » Xhosa – Language of the Eastern Cape. Less than 2% of South African citizens speak a first language that is not an official language. This produces something like the English “tut-tut”. It has therefore been recognized that the Xhosa language formed after historical interaction with the Khoisan. The Xhosa are the second largest cultural group in South Africa, after the Zulu-speaking nation. Here are some handy words in Xhosa, The most spoken language in Cape Town and second in the country after Zulu.There are 3 different “clicks” in Xhosa and each of those has 5 vowel sounds! Those who speak this language typically form part of the ethnic group called the amaXhosa and refer to their language as isiXhosa. Xhosa is characterised by a number of clicking sounds, which are formed by the tongue. Political exiles from the VOC colony of Batavia were also brought to the Cape, and these formed a major influencing force in the formation of Afrikaans, particularly in its Malay influence, and its early Jawi literature. The constitution mentions "sign language" in the generic sense rather than South African Sign Language specifically. The majority of languages which contain clicks originate with the Khoisan languages. Prior to 1994, South Africa had only two official languages, English and Afrikaans. Like the majority of the Bantu languages, the Xhosa language is also a tonal language with some of the same sequence of vowels and consonants having a different meaning. rendered as Tshivenda instead of the correct Tshivenḓa. [citation needed]. This site is not affiliated with any government entity associated with a name similar to the site domain name. It is a regional language, with a third of its speakers living in the Eastern Cape, where it is the language of 83.4% of the provincial population. [8] The spelling of Venda is also incorrectly[according to whom?] Xhosa is also heard in Johannesburg and the Western Cape. Sesotho refers to Southern Sotho, and isiNdebele refers to Southern Ndebele. Bakholwa bona iSewula Afrika ingeyabo boke abahlala kiyo, sibambene ngokwahlukahlukana kwethu. The Xhosa language has been grouped into a number of dialects. South Africa’s second-largest language, Xhosa is spoken by 17.6% of all South Africans, or 7 907 149 people. English is the fourth most common first language in the country (9.6%), but is understood in most urban areas and is the dominant language in government and the media.[4]. South Africans are required to learn two languages to graduate high school, but many, especially in urban areas, speak three or four. Fewer than two percent of South Africans speak a first language other than an official one. Your handy dandy guide to all 11 official languages of South Africa, including Xhosa, Zulu and Afrikaans. Chapter 1 (Founding Provisions), Section 6 (Languages) of the Constitution of South Africa is the basis for government language policy. Please help us out and disable your ad-blocker. U tenda uri Afrika Tshipembe ndi ḽa vhoṱhe vhane vha dzula khaḽo, vho vhofhekanywaho vha vha huthihi naho vha sa fani. When many Khoekhoen succumbed to the smallpox epidemic, and others were subjugated as serfs of Boer landowners installed by the VOC, Afrikaans replaced Khoekhoe languages as the main spoken language of Khoekhoen in the Cape. With 11 official languages, South Africa is one of the most linguistically diverse countries in the world. Densely populated with uncommon consonants, Xhosa consists of the usual pulmonic egressive sounds (used in English), ejectives, 15 clicks and an implosive. The majority of South Africans speak a language from one of the two principal branches of the Bantu languages that are represented in South Africa: the Sotho–Tswana branch (which includes Southern Sotho, Northern Sotho and Tswana languages officially), or the Nguni branch (which includes Zulu, Xhosa, Swati and Ndebele languages officially). This site is supported by ads. The eleventh official language is English, which is the primary language used in parliamentary and state discourse, though all official languages are equal in legal status, and unofficial languages are protected under the Constitution of South Africa, though few are mentioned by any name. Tshembha leswaku Afrika Dzonga i ya vanhu hinkwavo lava tshamaka eka rona, hi hlanganile hi ku hambana-hambana ka hina. There are 11 official languages in South Africa, of which Xhosa is one of the most widely spoken. Languages South Africa has eleven official languages (see table): English, Afrikaans and nine ethnic languages, of which Zulu and Xhosa are the most widely spoken. Other significant languages in South Africa, Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities, "South Africa could make signing official language", "The 11 languages of South Africa - South Africa Gateway", "A Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa, com Jorge Couto", "Portuguese Migration to, And Settlement in South Africa: 1510-2013", "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 200 of 1993", "Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions", Introduction to the languages of South Africa, Ethnologue Listing of South African Languages, Language Policy, Language Education, Language Rights: Indigenous, Immigrant, and International Perspectives, Commission for Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Community Rights, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_South_Africa&oldid=998566092, Pages using columns with the default column width, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from September 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. When visiting the Eastern Cape be sure to ask an amaXhosa to teach you a few phrases, they are certain to be willing to share their unique language with you. A journey through the lush Cape Winelands of the Western Cape will soon reveal why South Africa has gained an international reputation for the production of award-winning wines. The 2011 census recorded the following distribution of first language speakers:[5]. The official languages of the Republic are. -Xhosa-Zulu-Afrikaans-English-Venda-Tsonga. Many unofficial languages have been variously claimed to be dialects of official languages, which largely follows the Apartheid practice of the Bantustans, wherein minority populations where legally assimilated towards the official ethnos of the Bantustan or "Homeland". Marked by the tongue at the Cape, the homeland of many Xhosa speakers is spoken by... The angry men ” and 76 percent of Coloureds entity associated with a name similar to site! 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